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طريقة كتابة المواضيع الإنشائية
1. Causes, Consequences & Solutions
(x) = the topic of your essay
- (x) is a serious problem recently. — (x) مشكل خطير مؤخراً.
- (x) is a problem that threatens our life. — (x) الخطير الذي يهدد حياتنا.
- A lot of people suffer from several problems, among them (x). — الله إن من الناس يعانون من عدة مشاكل ومن بينها (x).
- Nowadays, (x) is a serious problem not only in Morocco but also in the whole world. — في الوقت الحالي (x) مشكل خطير ليس فقط في المغرب ولكن في العالم كله.
- It's obviously noticed that (x) is widely spread in our society. — من الواضح جداً أن (x) منتشر بشكل واسع في مجتمعنا.
- First of all, the reasons are simple / clear / various / different. — في البداية، هناك أسباب واضحة ومختلفة ومتنوعة.
- The first cause is… The second one is… Another cause, which is more important, is…
- This problem has some consequences like…
- In brief, I think that the government is the first responsible for this problem. — في الختام، أظن أن الدولة هي المسؤولة المباشرة عن المشكل.
- In conclusion, I believe that we all should work hard to put an end to this phenomenon as soon as possible. — في الختام، أعتقد أنه يجب علينا نحن جميعاً العمل سوياً لوضع حد لهذه الظاهرة في أقرب وقت ممكن.
- In short, I personally think that mass media and NGOs can stop this issue that spreads much lately. — باختصار، أنا أظن شخصياً أن وسائل الإعلام والمنظمات غير الدولية قادرة على حل هذا المشكل.
- To summarize, it's clear that most under-developed countries suffer from this issue, so all they need is to cooperate to eradicate it. — باختصار، من الواضح أن معظم الدول غير المتقدمة تعاني من هذا المشكل.
- As I said before, this problem is threatening all the world, especially under-developed countries.
Topics where this type applies: internet, the cell phone, living in big cities, advertising, dropping out of school, illiteracy, unemployment, road accidents, school violence, brain drain, early child marriage, etc.
2. Advantages & Disadvantages
- (x) is a discussable issue these days because it has advantages as well as disadvantages. — (x) مشكل قابل للنقاش في هذه الأيام لأنه لديه إيجابيات وسلبيات.
- Recently, a lot of people discuss the advantages and disadvantages of (x).
- Like everything in life, (x) has both advantages and disadvantages, alike. — مثل جميع الأشياء في الحياة (x) لديه إيجابيات وسلبيات على السواء.
- No one can deny the fact that (x) is a controversial issue nowadays because of its good and bad points. — لا أحد ينكر أن (x) موضوع قابل للنقاش وذلك راجع لإيجابياته وسلبياته.
- First of all, the advantages are simple and clear. — في البداية، هناك إيجابيات واضحة.
- The first advantage is… The second one is… Another advantage, which is more important, is…
- This topic has some advantages like…
- However, this topic has some drawbacks like… and last but not least…
- Yet, thousands of people can't live without (x). — ومع ذلك آلاف من الناس لا يستطيعون العيش بدون (x).
- Other people think that (x) is bad because (x) has some negative sides. — بعض الناس الآخرين يظنون أن سيء لأن لديه جوانب سلبية.
- Another good / bad point is that…
- In brief, I think that (x) is good and bad at the same time. — باختصار، أظن أن (x) جيد وسيء في الوقت نفسه.
- In conclusion, I believe that (x) is very important in our life although it has some drawbacks. — في الختام، أظن أنه (x) مهم في حياتنا رغم أن لديه بعض السلبيات.
- In short, regardless of its disadvantages, I personally can't live without (x). — باختصار، بغض النظر عن سلبياته، أنا شخصياً لا يمكنني أن أعيش بدون (x).
- To summarize, it's clear that the advantages of (x) outnumber its drawbacks. All we need is to use it in a positive way.
- As I said before, a lot of people, especially young people, can't live without (x).
3. Informal E-mail / Letter
| Part | English Phrases | بالعربية |
|---|---|---|
| Greeting | Dear friend, / Dear Jack, | صديقي العزيز / عزيزي جاك، |
| Social greeting & reason for writing | I am happy to write to you this email / letter. I hope you are fine. Well, I am writing this e-mail to talk about… | أنا سعيد لأكتب لك هذا الإيميل/هذه الرسالة. أتمنى أن تكون بخير. |
| Thank you for your last e-mail / letter. It was nice to hear from you. Well, I am writing to tell you about… | شكراً على الإيميل / الرسالة الأخيرة. | |
| I am glad to drop you these few lines. I hope you enjoyed your last holiday. Well, | ||
| I am sorry. I didn't answer you earlier because I was busy preparing for my BAC exams. Well, | ||
| Thanks for sending me the birthday gifts and cards. That's very kind of you. Well, as you know, | ||
| Ending | That's all for now. Keep in touch. | هذا كل شيء. ابق على اتصال. |
| Closing greetings | Keep in contact. Yours forever. | ابق على اتصال. صديقك الأبدي. |
| I hope to hear from you soon. Best wishes. | ||
| Warm greetings. Lots of love. | تحياتي الحارة. الكثير من الحب. | |
| Write back soon. Your best friend. | أكتب إليّ قريباً. صديقك المفضل. | |
| See you soon. Best regards. | أراك قريباً. تحياتي الحارة. |
4. Formal / Official E-mail / Letter
| Part | English Phrases | بالعربية |
|---|---|---|
| Greeting | Dear Sir, / Dear Sir or Madam, | سيدي، / سيدي أو سيدتي، |
| Opening | Thank you for your last e-mail / letter which I received this morning. | شكراً جزيلاً على الإيميل / رسالتكم الأخيرة. |
| Thank you for your quick reply and for all the information. | شكراً لكم على ردكم السريع وكل المعلومات. | |
| Thank you for the phone call this morning. Well, | شكراً لكم على مكالمتكم هذا الصباح. | |
| It was my great pleasure to meet you last week. | لي شرف عظيم أن ألتقي بكم الأسبوع الماضي. | |
| I am so sorry. I didn't answer in the right time. I was abroad on a business trip. | أنا آسف جداً لعدم الرد في الوقت المناسب. كنت في الخارج في رحلة عمل. | |
| Reason for writing | I am writing to inform you that… | أكتب لكم لأخبركم أن… |
| I am writing regarding / concerning / with respect to / with regard to… | أكتب لكم فيما يخص… | |
| I would like to let you know that… | أودّ أن أخبركم أن… | |
| Closing | Please, let me know if you need any further information. | دعني أعرف إذا كنتم بحاجة إلى مزيد من المعلومات. |
| I am looking forward to hearing from you soon. | إنني أتطلع أن أسمع جوابكم في القريب. | |
| Please, don't hesitate to ask if you have any more questions or enquiries. | رجاءً لا تترددوا إذا كانت لديكم أسئلة أخرى أو استفسارات. | |
| Sign-off | Yours faithfully, / Yours sincerely, | تحياتي واحتراماتي، |
NB. We don't write addresses, names or signatures in exam papers.
5. Description of a Person
The person that I like most is (name of the person). He/She is (my best friend / my cousin / my brother / my sister / my teacher / my favourite actor…). I met him/her at (a school / a party / a restaurant…) in (Marrakesh / London / Paris…). From that time on, he/she has been my favourite and admirable person.
(Name) is a (student, journalist, player, artist…) He/She is (age). He/She is (height and weight). His/Her face is ………………………………………
6. Description of a Place
The place that I like most is (name of the place). It is located in (the West / East / North / South…). A lot of people come to this (city / town / village…) to enjoy its weather, food, local people interactions and historical monuments.
Thousands of tourists go to (name of the place) because they like the weather there. It's usually warm, but sometimes it's cold in the mornings. (Name of the place) is well-known for ……, which makes it unique and admirable.
Concerning the residents, they are funny, friendly and generous. For food, there are some special dishes that you can taste. The traditional one is (name of the traditional dish). It's very delicious and tasty. A great number of people love this food. Other dishes include (name of other dishes). They are all mouth-watering. There are numerous historical monuments to sightsee there such as (names of the monuments). They are ancient, but attractive. The suburbs of this place are (names of places outside the city). They are all peaceful and beautiful.
7. A Report
On (the date of the event), I attended (name of the activity) in (place of the event). The objective of the event was to (the objective of the event). Several people attended it; approximately (number of the attendants) were present there. The activity was organized by (organizers) and continued for (4 hours / one day / one week…). There were a variety of activities during the event: (presentations, shows, short films, discussions, debate, poster exhibition, workshops, competitions, prize distribution ceremony…).
For me, (I am happy to attend this event because… / As far as I am concerned, I liked all the activities because… / In my view, the event was very informative and…)
8. A Film Review
The film that I liked most is "(title of the film)". It's (action / romance / drama / comedy / horror). I watched it (on TV / in the cinema last week / last night). It was filmed in (setting). The hero's name is (name of the main actor…) and the heroine's is (name of the main actress…). The story of the film was about…………………………
9. A Book Review
The book that I liked most is "(title of the book)". The author is (name of the writer). It was published in (the date and place of publishing). The book was written in (language). It's (fiction / action / romance / drama / comedy / horror…). I finished reading it (last year / last week / in 2017…). The events took place in (setting: time and place). The main character is (the hero's name) and the other characters are…… The story of the book was about…
The book has a (happy / tragic) ending. This book is made of (128 pages / 199 pages…). For me, it's the best book I have ever read because it ……; so, for this reason and many others, I recommend it to everyone to read it; it's so interesting.
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